Products of lipid peroxidation in bone tissue as markers of osteopenia in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Abstract

Summary. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by loss of bone mineral density (BMD), osteopenia (OP) and osteoporosis with a frequency of up to 67%. The pathogenesis of bone lesions in CLL is unclear and may be related to oxidative stress. The purpose of the work is to investigate the relationship between the content of lipid peroxidation products (LPO) in bone tissue and OP indicators in patients with CLL. The study was conducted on 40 male patients with CLL aged 50-70 years. Osteodensitometry assessed BMD, T-score, Z-score in the lumbar spine (LS), proximal femoral neck (PFC), and proximal femoral bone (PHB). In group 1 (n=30), patients with CLL had no BMD deviations; in group 2 (n=10) there were signs of AP (T-score from – 1.0 SD to – 2.5 SD). The concentration of total vitamin D3, total and ionized calcium, phosphorus, and testosterone was determined in the serum. The content of isopropanol- and heptane-soluble lipid peroxidation products was determined in the bone tissue homogenate. Statistical processing was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics v. 23". It has been established that in patients with CLL, in 25% of cases, signs of OP are detected in the PHB based on osteodenitometry indicators. The presence of OP in patients with CLL is accompanied by hypophosphatemia, a decrease in serum concentrations of vitamin D3 and testosterone below reference values, and normal concentrations of total and ionized calcium. In patients with CLL and signs of OP, secondary and final products accumulate in the bone tissue in the heptane phase of the lipid extract, and the final products of oxidative destruction of lipids accumulate in the isopropanol phase. Signs of OP in patients with CLL increase as the serum concentration of phosphorus, vitamin D3, testosterone decreases and the content in bone tissue of secondary and end products of oxidative destruction of lipids in the heptane and isopropanol phase of the lipid extract increases.