Neurogenesis in adult human brain. Substantiation of a therapeutic approach

Abstract

Neurons of the adult brain formed in the course of neurogenesis are indispensable participants of important physiological processes. New cells play an important role in supporting cognitive functions, learning and memory. Endogenous activation of neural progenitor cells has been noted to respond to pathological changes, such as ischemia, neurodegenerative diseases, physical trauma, and mental disorders. However, despite a large number of experimental studies, understanding of the role of new cells in human brain remains a matter of great doubt. This review focuses on analyzing information about neurogenesis in the human brain, identifying steps of endogenous regulation, and outlining possible «targets» of reparative therapy.